Circular Pipe Crack
Contents
Circular Pipe Crack#
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import uqtestfuns as uqtf
The two-dimensional circular pipe crack reliability problem was introduced in [VAK15] and used, for instance, in [LGG+18].
The plots of the function are shown below. The left plot shows the surface plot of the performance function, the center plot shows the contour plot with a single contour line at function value of \(0.0\) (the limit-state surface), and the right plot shows the same plot with \(10^6\) sample points overlaid.
Test function instance#
To create a default instance of the test function:
my_testfun = uqtf.CircularPipeCrack()
Check if it has been correctly instantiated:
print(my_testfun)
Name : CircularPipeCrack
Spatial dimension : 2
Description : Circular pipe under bending moment from Verma et al. (2015)
Description#
The system under consideration is as a circular pipe with a circumferential through-wall crack under a bending moment. The performance function is analytically defined as follows1:
where \(\boldsymbol{x} = \{ \sigma_f, \theta \}\) is the two-dimensional vector of input variables probabilistically defined further below; and \(\boldsymbol{p} = \{ t, R, M \}\) is the vector of deterministic parameters.
The failure state and the failure probability are defined as \(g(\boldsymbol{x}; \boldsymbol{p}) \leq 0\) and \(\mathbb{P}[g(\boldsymbol{X}; \boldsymbol{p}) \leq 0]\), respectively.
Probabilistic input#
Based on [VAK15], the probabilistic input model for the test function consists of two independent standard normal random variables (see the table below).
my_testfun.prob_input
Name: CircularPipeCrack-Verma2015
Spatial Dimension: 2
Description: Input model for the circular pipe crack problem from Verma et al. (2015)
Marginals:
| No. | Name | Distribution | Parameters | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sigma_f | normal | [301.079 14.78 ] | flow stress [MNm] |
| 2 | theta | normal | [0.503 0.049] | half crack angle [-] |
Copulas: None
Parameters#
From [VAK15], the values of the parameters are as follows:
Parameter |
Value |
Description |
|---|---|---|
\(t\) |
\(3.377 \times 10^{-1}\) |
Radius of the pipe \([\mathrm{m}]\) |
\(R\) |
\(3.377 \times 10^{-2}\) |
Thickness of the pipe \([\mathrm{m}]\) |
\(M\) |
\(3.0\) |
Applied bending moment \([\mathrm{MNm}]\) |
Reference results#
This section provides several reference results of typical UQ analyses involving the test function.
Sample histogram#
Shown below is the histogram of the output based on \(10^6\) random points:
xx_test = my_testfun.prob_input.get_sample(1000000)
yy_test = my_testfun(xx_test)
idx_pos = yy_test > 0
idx_neg = yy_test <= 0
hist_pos = plt.hist(yy_test, bins="auto", color="#0571b0")
plt.hist(yy_test[idx_neg], bins=hist_pos[1], color="#ca0020")
plt.axvline(0, linewidth=1.0, color="#ca0020")
plt.grid()
plt.ylabel("Counts [-]")
plt.xlabel("$g(\mathbf{X})$")
plt.gcf().set_dpi(150);
Failure probability (\(P_f\))#
Some reference values for the failure probability \(P_f\) from the literature are summarized in the table below.
Method |
\(N\) |
\(\hat{P}_f\) |
\(\mathrm{CoV}[\hat{P}_f]\) |
Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
\(10^6\) |
\(3.4353 \times 10^{-2}\) |
— |
[LGG+18] |
|
\(6\) |
\(3.3065 \times 10^{-2}\) |
— |
[VAK15] |
|
\(9\) |
\(3.3065 \times 10^{-2}\) |
— |
[LGG+18] |
|
\(14\) |
\(3.4211 \times 10^{-2}\) |
— |
[LGG+18] |
|
\(7\) |
\(3.4347 \times 10^{-2}\) |
— |
[LGG+18] |
References#
- VAK15(1,2,3,4,5)
Ajit Kumar Verma, Srividya Ajit, and Durga Rao Karanki. Structural reliability. In Springer Series in Reliability Engineering, pages 257–292. Springer London, 2015. doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-6269-8_8.
- LGG+18(1,2,3,4,5)
Xu Li, Chunlin Gong, Liangxian Gu, Wenkun Gao, Zhao Jing, and Hua Su. A sequential surrogate method for reliability analysis based on radial basis function. Structural Safety, 73:42–53, 2018. doi:10.1016/j.strusafe.2018.02.005.